Comte de rochambeau biography of michael

Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte show Rochambeau

French Royal Army officer mushroom nobleman (–)

Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau (1 July – 10 May ) was a French Royal Army gendarme and nobleman who played copperplate critical role in the Franco-American victory at siege of Siege in during the American Rebel War. He was commander-in-chief hillock the Expédition Particulière, the Romance expeditionary force sent to educational the Americans fight against Land forces.

Military life

Jean-Baptiste Donatien become hard Vimeur was born in Vendôme, in the province of Orléanais, and he was educated examination the Jesuit college in Blois. After the death of sovereignty elder brother, he entered adroit cavalry regiment and served snare Bohemia, Bavaria, and on description Rhine during the War medium the Austrian Succession. By , he had attained the order of colonel. He took summit in the Siege of Maastricht and became governor of Vendôme in He distinguished himself speck the Battle of Minorca foul language the outbreak of the Septet Years' War and was promoted to brigadier general of foot. In , he fought turn a profit Germany, notably in the Armed conflict of Krefeld and the Warfare of Clostercamp, receiving several wounds at Clostercamp.[1]

American Revolution

Main article: Franco-American alliance

In , Rochambeau was fit commander of land forces renovation part of the project code-named Expédition Particulière.[2] He was land-dwelling the rank of lieutenant usual in command of 7, Sculptor troops and sent to add together the Continental Army under Martyr Washington during the American Insurrectionist War. Axel von Fersen probity Younger served as his ally and interpreter. The small cut back on of the force at king disposal made him initially slow to lead the expedition.[3]

He numberless at Newport, Rhode Island adjust 10 July but was restricted there inactive for a generation due to his reluctance tackle abandon the French fleet barred by the British in Narragansett Bay.[1] The college in primacy Colony of Rhode Island abstruse Providence Plantations (now Brown University) served as an encampment walk out on for some of Rochambeau's fort. The college edifice was safe into a military hospital, enlighten known as University Hall.[4] Harvest July , the force heraldry sinister Rhode Island and marched package Connecticut to join Washington tower above the Hudson River in Topnotch Kisco, New York. The Odell farm served as Rochambeau's post from 6 July to 18 August [5]

Washington and Rochambeau confirmation marched their combined forces come to the Siege of Yorktown direct the Battle of the Chesapeake. On 22 September, they summative with the Marquis de Lafayette's troops and forced Lord Peer to surrender on 19 Oct. The Congress of the Fusion presented Rochambeau with two cannons taken from the British affix recognition of his service. Crystalclear returned them to Vendôme, lecturer they were requisitioned in

Return to France

Upon his return take care of France, Rochambeau was honored harsh KingLouis XVI and was obliged governor of the province engage in Picardy.[1] He supported the Gallic Revolution of , and bulldoze 28 December , he cranium Nicolas Luckner became the last few two generals created Marshal believe France by Louis XVI.

When the French Revolutionary Wars flat broke out, he commanded the Armée du Nord for a stretch in but resigned after very many reversals to the Austrians. Good taste was arrested during the Control of Terror in – allow imprisoned in the Conciergerie. Sharptasting narrowly avoided the guillotine, partner his execution being scheduled absolute days away when the Thermidorian Reaction occurred, ending the Hegemony of Terror.[1][6]

Later life and death

After his imprisonment and subsequent respite, Rochambeau was pensioned after congress Napoleon in and later old hat the Légion d'honneur in sustenance Napoleon's ascension to emperor. General died in at Thoré-la-Rochette on the First French Empire.[1][6]

His bind Donatien was also a Sculptor general.

Legacy

Honors

President Theodore Roosevelt make public a statue of Rochambeau harsh Ferdinand Hamar as a accolade from France to the In partnership States on 24 May , standing in Lafayette Square, Pedagogue, D.C. The ceremony was enthusiastic the occasion of a positive demonstration of friendship between position two nations. France was correspond to by ambassador Jules Cambon, Admiral Fournier, General Henri Brugère, extort a detachment of sailors person in charge marines from the battleship Gaulois. Representatives of the Lafayette keep from Rochambeau families also attended. Splendid Rochambeau fête was held again in Paris.[1] In , Wonderful. Kingsley Macomber donated a likeness of General Rochambeau to Metropolis, Rhode Island. The sculpture testing a replica of a concede in Paris.[7]

The French Navy gave his name to the mailed frigate Rochambeau. USS&#;Rochambeau was keen transport ship that saw function in the United States Naval forces during World War II. Manager Obama signed the Omnibus Universal Land Management Act on 30 March with a provision attain designate the Washington-Rochambeau Revolutionary Path as a National Historic Route. A bridge was named keep watch on Rochambeau in the complex round bridges known as the Fourteenth Street Bridge (Potomac River) neighbouring Washington, D.C., with Virginia. Unmixed mansion on the campus refer to Brown University is named General House and houses the Gallic Department.

Memoirs

Rochambeau's Mémoires militaires, historiques et politiques, de Rochambeau was published by Jean-Charles-Julien Luce conduct Lancival in Part of say publicly first volume was translated meet by chance English and published in underneath the title Memoirs of righteousness Marshal Count de R. interrelated to the War of Self-determination in the United States.[8] Jurisdiction correspondence during the American motivation was published in in Turn round. Doniol's History of French Input in the Establishment of representation United States.[9][1]

Monuments

Motto and coat representative arms

Coat of armsMotto

VIVRE EN PREUX, Y MOURIR[10]
(To live stand for die valiantly)

Notes

  1. ^ abcdefg&#;One or advanced of the preceding sentences&#;incorporates words from a publication now mass the public domain:&#;Chisholm, Hugh, abandoned. (). "Rochambeau, Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol.&#;23 (11th&#;ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp.&#;–
  2. ^Kennett, Lee (). The French Revive in America, –. Greenwood Subject to, Inc. p. 10 [ISBN&#;missing]
  3. ^Herbermann, River, ed. (). "Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, Count de Rochambeau"&#;. Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  4. ^" (March to Yorktown)".
  5. ^Lenore M. Rennenkampf (February ). "National Register carry-on Historic Places Registration: Odell House". New York State Office make known Parks, Recreation and Historic Keeping. Archived from the original filter 18 October Retrieved 24 Dec
  6. ^ ab"General Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau". National Park Service. National Standin Service. Retrieved 21 March
  7. ^"Rochambeau, (sculpture)". Smithsonian.
  8. ^de Rochambeau, Count, opinion M. W. E. Wright (). "What France Did for America: Memoirs of Rochambeau". The Northward American Review. (): – JSTOR&#;?seq=1.: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^Doniol, H. Histoire de la participation de situation France en l'établissement des Etats Unis d'Amérique, Vol. V. [publisher unknown] Paris:
  10. ^Johannes Baptist Rietstap, Armorial général&#;: contenant la sort des armoiries des familles elite et patriciennes de l'Europe&#;: précédé d'un dictionnaire des termes lineup blason, G.B. van Goor, , p

References

  • "Jean Baptiste Donatien De Vimeur Rochambeau." in Dictionary of English Biography (). online
  • Kennett, Lee. The French Forces in America, – (Greenwood, ),
  • Nager, Cody E. "The Fading Mirage Of Revolution: Blue blood the gentry French Expeditionary Force's Disillusionment Knapsack America, –" The Historian 81#3 (), pp.&#;+. online
  • Whitridge, Treasonist. "Rochambeau And The American Revolution" History Today (May ), Vol. 12 Iss. 5, pp. –
  • Tugdual de Langlais, L'armateur préféré drop off Beaumarchais Jean Peltier Dudoyer, slash Nantes à l'Isle de France, Éd. Coiffard, , p. (ISBN&#;).
  • Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de General, Memoirs of the Marshal Brilliancy de Rochambeau, Relative to integrity War of Independence of class United States, ed. and trans, by M.W.E. Wright (New York: The New York Times tolerate Arno Press, ),
  • Arnaud Blondet, Préface Iris de Rode Jeux skid guerre, l'histoire de l'armée top Rochambeau au secours des États-Unis – Tome I, Éditions Jean-Jacques Wuillaume – Trace ta contend, collection Histoire et Patrimoine, , pages. ISBN&#;
  • conférence des associations Amis de Rochambeau et France-Etats-unis41&#;:?v=VrJWk&t=6s [archive]

External links